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The Relationship of Hedonism and Humanism
Jerman, Ondřej ; Jirsa, Jakub (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis discusses the relationship between humanism and hedonism. However, its main objective is not to explain the terms in their summarized historical relatedness but to point out their internal coherence. The fundamental issue the thesis deals with is the fact that sentient beings suffer from sorrow. Enumerating the reasons why it is important to search for a solution would be a waste of our reader's time. It is necessary to understand that we don't expect empirical science to solve the problem since - despite the enthusiasm significant for this modern period - has not introduced any relief from sorrow. Here comes the opportunity for philosophy and, eventually, ethics. In its first part the thesis maps out the context of humanism and hedonism, studies their apparent as well as hidden nature, and lays the conceivable foundations of humanistic hedonism. The following section suggests a set of particular steps. Adhering to these instructions makes it possible to experience delight and to eliminate sorrow.
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Ethical aspects and possible social effects of free childlessness
Haškovcová, Eva ; Ovečka, Libor (advisor) ; Štica, Petr (referee)
This thesis maps Czech social and expert discussions on the theme of child-free people childnessness. It is directed on those aspect with implicit ethical content. Subsequently it chooses the most often argument, what are discussed in the ethical reflection. To be child-free is more and more becoming phenomenon, in the Czech Republic especially in the last thirty years. In spite of that it is considered to be rather as alternative life style, what is often exposed to moral evaluation, with mostly negative tone. The criticism of the child-free people can be sumarized into two main streams, when the first one directs on the social impact of the declining birth rates, the second one focuses on personal features of the child-free people, to whom it reprehends either defective hierarchy of values or unnaturalness of their behavior. These two groups of arguments are confronted with the philosophical concept of inclinationes naturales (natural tendencies) of Thomas Aquinas.
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The Relationship of Hedonism and Humanism
Jerman, Ondřej ; Jirsa, Jakub (advisor) ; Švec, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis discusses the relationship between humanism and hedonism. However, its main objective is not to explain the terms in their summarized historical relatedness but to point out their internal coherence. The fundamental issue the thesis deals with is the fact that sentient beings suffer from sorrow. Enumerating the reasons why it is important to search for a solution would be a waste of our reader's time. It is necessary to understand that we don't expect empirical science to solve the problem since - despite the enthusiasm significant for this modern period - has not introduced any relief from sorrow. Here comes the opportunity for philosophy and, eventually, ethics. In its first part the thesis maps out the context of humanism and hedonism, studies their apparent as well as hidden nature, and lays the conceivable foundations of humanistic hedonism. The following section suggests a set of particular steps. Adhering to these instructions makes it possible to experience delight and to eliminate sorrow.
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Education in J. J. Rouseau's Work
Srncová, Kateřina ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
Bachelor thesys called "Education in J. J. Rousseau's Work" will consider with capturing innovative education principles in 18. century, mainly in work "Emil" and in autobiography "Vyznání". Basic principles of Rousseau's phylosophy and education attitude will be worked out in more detail within chapters of this thesys. After defining basic education principles by Jean-Jacques Rousseau I will in last chapter focus on comparison with education attitude of M. Montessori. Keywords: education, nature, naturalness, freedom, child, educator, society, social agreement, state, ideal
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The question of naturalness in the context of Czech massmedia discussion/discourse about childbirth
Veverková, Martina ; Sládek, Jan (advisor) ; Hamplová, Dana (referee)
This paper analyses the Czech mass media discourse about models of childbirth care and focuses on using the term of naturalness. Czech obstetrics care is highly influenced by habitudes and practices that were typical for socialist era, but transforms to the western model. Dissatisfaction with the care was the main reason for rediscovery of homebirth that became a very controversial point in Czech society accompanied by mass media discussion which is the subject of this analysis. The most important findings are that doctors tend to advocate their practices no matter whether they discuss homebirth or caesarean delivery on maternal request (which can be seen as two poles of the scale of naturalness and total medicalization) and in this second case they show themselves as advocates of the naturalness. Czech midwives, opposing the dominant practices, are not able to communicate well enough the positives of natural childbirth and midwifery care, which can be one of reasons why they fail to push through the legalization of homebirth. Keywords Sociology of body, sociology of childbirth, medicalization, homebirth, naturalness
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